Academic Libraries actor-network theory Adaptation models Artificial intelligence Big Data for Development Civic engagement Collaboration Collaboration Communication Technology for Development Communications technology Community Telecenters COVID-19 customer relationship management Datafied pandemic Development as freedom Digital divide Digital immigrants Digital literacy Digital natives Disruptive Innovation e-business E-Commerce e-governance initiative e-governance policy e-government e-government initiatives Economic growth Economic Prosperity EHR Adaption electronic government services Electronic Health Records Electronic Medical Records Electronic telecommunications Emerging-market consumers Encoding Enterprise resource planning Equitable healthcare freedom Gender Development Index Global economy Global market Globalization Gross Domestic Product Health inequity Health equity Healthcare Hospitals Hospitals Human Capabilities Human capital Human development Human development endowment Human Development Index Human Resource Development ICT-enabled service ICT Development Index ICT Maturity ICT programs information-processing devices Information and Communication Technologies information services Information technology Inter-organizational systems International Telecommunications Union Internet chat rooms IT infrastructure IThealth m-development Medical diagnostic imaging mHealth micro-business models Micro-businesses Micro-Entrepreneurs Microcredit banking Microfinance Sector Mobile app mobile application Mobile banking Mobile cellphones Mobile communication mobile e-learning environment mobile libraries Mobile money Mobile payments Mobile phones Mobile signals National Telecommunications and Information Administration operational and financial sustainability Outrage Outrage patient data access patient data recording payment systems Physician Adaptation Qualitative data analysis Qualitative EHR Use Quarantine small business social capital Social determinants of health Social development social environments social media socio-economic development socio-economic inequities socio-economic status socio-technical socioeconomic determinants of health socioeconomic limiters strategic developmental focus Sustainable development Systems engineering technological revolution Telecenter facilities Telecenters wellbeing World Economic Forum

Improving outcomes from Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) studies

ABSTRACT: Research in Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D) is becoming increasingly diverse. The reason being that the last decade has seen, in line with the growth in the availability and use of information and communications technologies (ICTs), a large increase in the number and range of published work on the topic which draw upon a whole range of disciplinary approaches (Walsham, 2017). While drawing upon theories that help understand emerging phenomena, research in ICT4D also requires attention to the contextual challenges facing practitioners in the field. There have been attempts to develop theories that enable these challenges to be understood. Global pressures, socio-economic pressures, disruptive technology, and the emergence of multi-stakeholder networks are some of the forces being studied (Njihia and Merali, 2013). For scholars hoping to draw upon this area, this issue offers a snapshot of papers that illustrate the proliferation of technologies and contexts in which they are implemented. They highlight a glimpse of the key contributions of research in this area while describing the challenges.

Keywords: Mobile money, socio-technical, actor-network theory, Enterprise resource planning, customer relationship management

Why Data Matters for Development? Exploring Data Justice, Micro-Entrepreneurship, Mobile Money and Financial Inclusion

ABSTRACT: With the widespread extraction of very large datasets, artificial intelligence using machine learning hold the promise to address socio-economic problems such as poverty, environmental safety, food production, security and the spread of disease. These applications entail Big Data for Development in which social problems, poverty, food security and responses to climate disasters can be solved in the most efficient and effective manner. This brave new world of solving pressing problems through machine learning has several dark sides. A data divide is being created that leaves the most vulnerable populations out of the solutions being created while discriminating against those whose data is churned by obscure algorithms. Complex mathematical models together with computing algorithms produce scores that are used to evaluate the lives of the masses. These systems have scaled to enormous proportions, changing lives by affecting credit scores, job prospects and access to healthcare. The promise of fairness, transparency, cost-effectiveness and efficiency gives rise to powerful scoring algorithms that have the power to create mass devastation while discriminating against the most vulnerable. Questions arise as to: What injustices (types of injustice) are created by datafication of development? how can the injustices caused by the extraction, analysis and commoditization of data be alleviated? Who has access to and what is being done with private data? And for whose benefit or purpose is personal data being extracted? Such questions are explored through the contributions in on data justice, the use of ICTs by micro-Entrepreneurs, mobile money and financial inclusion offered through papers in this issue.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Mobile money, Micro-Entrepreneurs, Big Data for Development